Monday, 22th February 2,016

HELLO!
On Monday, we started  learning the modal verbs.
Modal verb and other related verbs express ideas of ability (can,could,be able to), posibility and certainty ( could, may, might, must, can´t), obligation (have to, must, need to,needn´t) prohibition (musn´t), and advice ( should, ought to)

 Examples: 

ABILITY
- I can speak three languages.
- I will be able to go to the cinema tonight.
- When she was five years old, she could play the piano.

POSIBILITY AND CERTAINTY 
 - I may study French today.
- It might rain later.

 OBLIGATION
- You have to study more if you want to pass all the exams.
- You musn´t  smoke  here.
- I need to go to the toilet.

ADVICE
- You should stay at home, you are really ill.
- Helen ought to be more careful.

We use a modal verb+ have+ past participle when we are talking about the past.

FELLINGS OF CERTAINTY ABOUT THE PAST.   
Estucture: must have + participle.
Example: She must have trained for many years.

REGRETS OR CRITICISM OF PAST ACTIONS.
Estructure : should have /ought to have + past participle.
Example: I should  have studied harder at school.

IMPOSIBILITIES IN THE PAST.
Estructure: can have + past participle 
Example: They can´t have passed their exams.

POSIBILITIES IN THE PAST.
Estructure: might have / may have/ could have + past participle.
Example: She might have become  a  famous mountaineer .

SUGGESTED ALTERNATIVES TO PAST ACTIONS.
Estructure: could have+ past participle.
Example: He could have gone to university.